Dan Erwin

Why Is Real Collaboration So Very Difficult?

Today’s business world requires a great deal of collaboration. That’s especially true because technology is inevitably both intergroup and across groups and disciplines. Yet collaboration skills are very tough for people to learn. You'd think that teamwork, where people have shared values and objectives, would facilitate collaboration. But no, put people from two different divisions or groups together--and it can become a really painful task with a lot of argument.

Hugo Mercier of the University of Neuchatel, Switzerland, has been looking at this issue all of his academic life. His conclusions are intriguing. Based on my own experience in a completely different context, he’s right on target.

In one of his earlier studies, Mercier and Dan Sperber looked closely at our human capacity for reasoning.  Remember that collaboration is about reasoning through options and differences and coming to a workable joint decision. Team members walk into collaborative discussions with a lot of ideas. Typically, they're conclusions they've held for a long time. But for collaboration to take place, there must be a lot of joint reasoning. As you know, however, when you get together to collaborate on something, most everyone already has their own conclusion to the problem. Their reasoning, supposedly, has brought them to the best conclusion(s).

What Mercier and Sperber point out is that though reasoning is usually seen as the best way to improve knowledge and make better decisions, it usually leads to distortions of meaning and poor decisions.

So they suggest that the entire use of reasoning should be rethought. In other words, they assume that people believe the purpose or function of reasoning is argumentative. So put reasoning in any group or collaborative setting and the people are going to automatically begin arguing. Reasoning take on a negative perception. The context motivates them to argue—so people turn out to be skilled arguers. Skilled arguers, however, are not after the truth, but after arguments that support their own views.

So, bear with me. A person's views—their conclusions--are simply old inferences, mental representations based on a lot of other ideas. Here’s how it works in architecture. Let's suppose, for example, that you're a school superintendent who's brought in an architect to build a new elementary school. In order for the planning to move forward, architects have to collaborate with the superintendent, the principal, and the teachers to put together their proposal.

Wrong Measure of Success

This morning I'm reposting a highly relevant, insightful article from Fast Company. As a management consultant for years, I've had to remind my clients of the necessity to build relationship currency. In her article Vivian Giang emphasizes a success principle often ignored.

In your career, you earn currency with those in power. Unfortunately, most people focus on building up their performance while forgetting to build their relationship currency.

Most people are focused on the wrong measure of success...

The Flip Side of Happiness

Too much of a good thing can backfire. And that, research reveals, includes happiness. It’s intriguing to find significant research explaining the downside of emotions. Not least because I’ve always been intrigued with the upside of bad emotions and the downside of good emotions. Anger, for example, has an upside. And, in a never forgotten experience with a client, paranoia—at least for a lawyer—can have an upside too.

American culture is all about the pursuit of happiness. We’ve institutionalized that pursuit in the Declaration of Independence. But we understand the governmental caveats to that pursuit to assume also that we don't do anything illegal or violate the rights of others.

Still, I’m not a happiness-hater. Normally I have more than my fair share of happiness...

Do Your Conversational Skills Need Upgrading?

More and more research is revealing that conversational skills can put you ahead of the game. Sure you need cognitive ability and emotional insight, but it's the ability to converse well that's tied to career success and even to innovative competence.

For example, one study investigated implicit communication strategies on complex team tasks. The researchers contrasted project team conversation: teams which readily shared goal information without being asked, versus teams that were reactive—teams whose members had to be questioned to gain goal information. In the study which involved 13 teams of four people performing the collaborative tasks, they found that the five teams with the fastest task completion times and lowest idle times exhibited higher rates of conversation and free-flowing sharing. In contrast, the five teams with the slowest completion times and longest idle times were primarily reactive. So people with proactive conversational and deliberative communication skills are far more successful performers.

In another example, Robert Baron and a colleague developed a 30-item social skills inventory to study such conversational skills as social perception, social adaptability and expressiveness.  Research on 159 independent sales contractors and 71 top high-tech executives found some startling revelations.  The higher the social competencies, the greater the financial success of both independent sales contractors and the top high-tech executives.

Who makes the money and who gains the opportunities? ...

"It's Just African!"

Identifying African behavior as stereotypical is dangerous stuff. I've learned from experience to issue caveats about most any racial or ethnic stereotype, admit to stereotyping and beg forgiveness--especially before using an ethnic or racial stereotype. Even then, you're liable to have to push through assumptions, in spite of the fact that the use of stereotype can be highly valuable for explaining behavior.

However, one of my young friends recently expressed his frustration at Nigerian and Somali friends who call to say they're in town and want to go out for a drink the same night. After experiencing this behavior on numerous occasions, he asked why they don't ever give him advance notice so that he won't have to reschedule his time to meet with them. They both responded, "It’s just African." In our diverse culture that kind of...

Four Reasons Why Managing Data Scientists Is Different. . . Even Unique

Managing smart professionals can be difficult, but managing data science professionals can be even more difficult. Cultural differences--understanding how a culture thinks--are rarely clear to most business people, other than when they surface in difficulties. So understanding these differences early on limits the potential for friction and conflict.

MIT’s Roger Stein lays out a number of issues impacting organizational relations between data scientists and other disciplines.

Dynamic and self-correcting.  As a result, timing and final project outcomes can be difficult to plan. Messy is the appropriate term. In contrast to

You Don't Need an IQ Score to Figure Out How Smart That Guy Is

How can you figure out the smarts of a colleague without having a consulting PhD? I shouldn’t be giving this away, but the basics are actually so simple that anyone willing to keep her eyes glued and ears open to another person can figure out that person’s basic work smarts. Quickly and easily. By testing and watching for three simple behaviors.

But first, does it really matter how smart that person is? You bet your sweet bippy it does. You want to know whether you can trust his advice, whether he’ll have much to add to a new team project, whether he can be counted on to meet his objectives, whether he can accept added responsibility and even whether he’ll make an effective manager.

Before I lay out my secret, remember this. . . 

Poking Holes (Constructively) in the Martin-Zimmerman Hullaballoo

One of the most difficult conversational issues is to keep significant disagreement from curdling into bitter politics. But using the right tools, it can be done in both politics and business. Take, for example, the Martin-Zimmerman case.

By this point in time, most Americans know the facts in the case. A teenager, Trayvon Martin, was pursued and killed. The shooter, George Zimmerman, was acquitted by the six member all female jury, on his claim of self-defense.

By now, also, most Americans have heard opinions on both sides of the continuum. Al Sharpton has claimed that the acquittal of George Zimmerman is an “atrocity” and one of the worst situations that he has seen.

On the other side, Ann Coulter has compared the coverage of the case to the KKK. Affirming the verdict, she also said that Democrats have "never bought into the criminal justice system" and that it was a "cop out" for activists to call for a trial.

Dan Erwin's Three Best Columns from the Past Weekend

Rachel Donaldio at the New York Times on "When Italians Chat, Hands and Fingers do the talking." If you have trouble reading nonverbals, the Italians are great at gestures. I'm not talking obscene gestures, but they can do those too. It's a fine art in Rome. They can talk animatedly on their cellphones or smoking cigarettes, and gesticulate with "enviably elegant coordination." Some gestures are simple, like the side of the hand against the belly signifying hungry, or asking when the next bus will arrive which gives you the familiar shrug of the shoulders which means, "Only God knows." If you live in the Upper Midwest where gestures barely exist other than the extended middle finger which means the same universally, the Italians have news for you. Gestures have a history--and so does lack of gestures. That's actually quite useful info. The times article has a number of pictures for the curious. But if you feel like a novice, a great place to begin is with my blog, Listening to nonverbals. You'll find a number of relevant blogs by using the custom google on my site and searching "nonverbal."

Jeffrey Kluger in Time Magazine on "The Happiness of Pursuit." The opening line is catchy: "If you're an American and you're not having fun, it just might be your own fault." What follows is a cultural, psychological, philosophical, religious, neuroscientific and popular analysis of authentic happiness. Whewww!

I Was Bullied, I Think

 

I’ve sat on the sidelines reading blogs and articles on bullying for several months. There’s been a lot written about the subject, yet, I really didn’t know how to respond. Still, by some definitions, I was bullied as a kid. At the same time I’m unable to identify with what are defined as bullying consequences. I can’t possibly think of myself as a victim or scarred. So I was actually delighted to see that the opinion pages of the Minneapolis Star Tribune did its readers a great service with the posting of two opposing perspectives on March 18.**